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Анотація
У статті наведено результати експериментальних та теоретичних досліджень комбінованих побутових холодильних приладів, що поєднують функції охолодження та підігріву. У процесі проведення експериментальних досліджень показано можливість роботи цих приладів, які містять у своєму складі як камери з низькими температурами (ХК та НТО), так і з підвищеними (теплову камеру). Визначено найбільш раціональне місце відведення викидного тепла дефлегмації для забезпечення температурних режимів нагрівальної камери. Проведено добірку ДФТС для забезпечення ефективного теплового зв'язку дефлегматора АХА та теплової камери. Для забезпечення ефективного теплового зв'язку дефлегматора АХА і ДФТС було використано пористий стиснений матеріал на основі міді. Експериментальним шляхом було отримано залежність ефективної теплопровідності пористого матеріалу від ступеня стиснення. Показано, що за максимального ступеня стиснення (близько 8) досягається чисельне значення ефективної теплопровідності 166,9 Вт/(м·К). У різних режимах підведення теплового навантаження на генератор АХА виконано тестування теплових режимів незавантаженої теплової камери. Показано, що ДФТС, пов'язаний у тепловому відношенні з дефлегматором та тепловою камерою, успішно працює в режимі термостатування теплової камери. Визначено темп нагрівання досліджуваної теплової камери. В умовах проведення експерименту було визначено добове енергоспоживання – 1,43 кВт·год , що у 6,9 % менш, ніж в холодильного приладу у традиційному виконанні. Запропоновано новий енергозберігаючий спосіб роботи генератора-термосифона АХА. Для часткової компенсації теплових втрат з підйомної частини, запропоновано встановити додатковий двофазний термосифон. Доведено, що такий спосіб роботи легко може бути реалізованим та дозволяє економити до 7...8 % теплового навантаження, що підводиться
Ключові слова:
Енергозбереження, Природні робочі тіла, Побутові холодильні прилади, Утилізація скидного тепла, Абсорбційні холодильні агрегати, Дефлегматор, Двофазний термосифон, Теплова камера
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Як цитувати
Гратій, Т., & Тітлов, О. (2023). Підвищення енергетичної ефективності комбінованих абсорбційних холодильних приладів. Refrigeration Engineering and Technology, 59(1), 14-31. https://doi.org/10.15673/ret.v59i1.2616
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ХОЛОДИЛЬНА ТЕХНІКА ТА ЕНЕРГОТЕХНОЛОГІЇ
Посилання
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14. Chernyshov, V.F., Dvirny, V.V., Ovechkin, G.I., Titlov, O.S., Smirnov-Vasiliev, K.G., Khomenko, N.F., Demtirov, V.Kh., Grigorov, G.I., Olifer, H.M. (1993) Pat. 1814006, IPC F 25 D 11/02. Combined absorption refrigerator. No. 4890425/06; statement 13.12.90; published 05/07/93. Bull. No. 17.
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21. Titlov, O.S., Kozonova, Yu.A., Pryimak, V.G. (2018) Development of household combined appliances of the absorption type. Refrigeration engineering and technology, 54, 2, 10-24.
22. Telezhenko, L.M., Titlov, O.S., Volnevich, S.V., Kozonova, Yu.O. (2011) Development of a new type of household appliances. Collection of research papers of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. Series: Technical sciences, 7, 36-40.
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24. Titlov, O.S., Zavertaniy, V.V., Vasyliv, O.B., Lenskii, L.R. (1998) Experimental studies of temperature and energy characteristics of low-temperature chambers based on ADRM. Thermal regimes and cooling of radio-electronic equipment. Scientific and technical collection, 1, 60-67.
25. Bogdanov, S.N., Burtsev, S.I., Ivanov, O.P., Kupriyanova, A.V. (1999) Directory Properties of substances. Refrigeration equipment. SPbDAHPT, 320.
26. Titlov, O.S. (1997) Comparison of the characteristics of absorption and compression household refrigeration equipment. Refrigeration engineering and technology, 57, 39-41.
27. Titlov, O., & Hratii, T. (2023) Development of a new type of household appliances – refrigerators with a heating chamber. ScienceRise, 1, 3-15.
28. Hratii, T.I, Titlov, O.S. (2021) Development of devices for primary heat treatment and cold storage of food products. Refrigeration engineering and technology, 57(3), 126-137.
29. Ovechkin, G.I., Chernyshov, V.F., Smirnov-Vasiliev, K.G., Titlov, O.S., Dvirny, V.V. (1990) Pat. 2033582, IPC6 F 25 B 15/02. The method of operation of the absorption-diffusion refrigerating unit generator. No. 4880699/06; statement 11.09.90; published 20.04.95. Bull. No. 11.
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31. Titlov, O.S. (2011) Energy-saving control of modes of household absorption refrigerating appliances (AHP). Part. 1. Automation of technological and business processes, 5, 6, 38-43.
32. Titlov, O.S. (2011) Energy-saving control of modes of household absorption refrigerating appliances (AHP). Part. 2 Automation of technological and business processes, 5, 6, 45-53.
33. Titlov, O.S., Vasyliv, O.B. (1999) Search for energy-saving modes of operation of serial absorption refrigerating devices Refrigeration engineering and technology, 60, 28-37.
34. Titlov, O.S., Tyukhai, D.S. (2003) Energy saving modes of operation of pumping thermosyphons ADRM. Industrial heat engineering, 25, 4, 76-79.
35. Titlova, O.O., Titlov, O.S. (2011) Analysis of the influence of the thermal power supplied in the generator of the absorption refrigerating unit on the operating modes and energy efficiency of the absorption refrigerating device. Scientific works of ONAFT, 39, 1, 148-154.
36. Titlova, O., Titlov, O., Olshevska, O. (2016) Search of the energy efficient operation modes of absorption refrigeration units. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 5/2(83), 45-53.
37. Kholodkov, O.O., Titlov, O.S., Titlova, O.O. (2017) Modeling of thermal regimes of a dephlegmator of a household absorption refrigerating unit Refrigeration engineering and technology, 53(4), 4-11.
2. Estimation and Trends of the Absorption Refrigeration Global Market. Retrived 24 January 2023 from https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-33-4183-8_50.
3. Thermoelectric cooler. Popular Shopping Ideas Retrived 24 January 2023 from https://www.amazon. com/thermoelectric-cooler/s?k=thermoelectric+cooler.
4. (1997) United Nations on Climate Change. General Convention Kyoto.
5. McMullan, J.T. (2002) Refrigeration and the environment – issues and strategies for the future. International Journal of Refrigeration, 25, 89-99.
6. Problems of transition to alternative refrigerants. Retrived 24 January 2023 from https://refindustry. com/articles/articles/problems-of-transition-to-alternative-refrigerants.
7. Titlov, O.S., Zakharov, M.D. (2009) Scientific and technical basis of creating energy-saving household absorption refrigerating devices. Scientific works of ONAFT, 35, 1, 113-127.
8. Björk, E. (2012) Energy Efficiency Improvements in Household Refrigeration Cooling Systems. Division of Applied Thermodynamics and Refrigeration. Department of Energy Technology, Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden. Retrived 24 January 2023 from https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get /diva2:514733/fulltext01.pdf.
9. Titlov, O.S. (1997) Comparison of the characteristics of absorption and compression household refrigeration equipment. Refrigeration engineering and technology, 57, 39-41.
10. Zakharov, M.D., Titlov, O.S., Botuk, Yu.S., Vasyliv, O.B., Reva, N.V. (1997) Energy and environmental indicators of compression and absorption household refrigerating equipment. Scientific works of OSAFT, 17, 167-175.
11. Titlov, O.S., Vasyliv, O.B. (1998) Cost and environmental operational characteristics of household refrigeration appliances in Ukraine and EU countries. Installation market, 9, 18-20.
12. Thermoelectric refrigerator Retrived 24 January 2023 from https://www.academia.edu/5263544/thermoelectric_refrigerator.
13. Titlov, O.S. (1993) A new direction in the development of household refrigeration equipment. Thermal regimes and cooling of radio-electronic equipment, 2, 61-63.
14. Chernyshov, V.F., Dvirny, V.V., Ovechkin, G.I., Titlov, O.S., Smirnov-Vasiliev, K.G., Khomenko, N.F., Demtirov, V.Kh., Grigorov, G.I., Olifer, H.M. (1993) Pat. 1814006, IPC F 25 D 11/02. Combined absorption refrigerator. No. 4890425/06; statement 13.12.90; published 05/07/93. Bull. No. 17.
15. Titlov, O.S., Chernyshov, V.F., Dvirniy, V.V., Ovechkin, G.I., Smirnov-Vasiliev, K.G., Khomenko, N.F., Olifer, H.M., Demtirov, V.Kh., Hryhorov, G.I. (1993) Pat. 1814007, IPC F 25 D 11/02. Combined absorption refrigerator. No. 4890427/06; statement 13.12.90; published 05/07/93. Bull. No. 17.
16. Chernyshov, V.F., Dvirniy, V.V., Titlov, O.S., Ovechkin, G.I., Smirnov-Vasiliev, K.G., Khomenko, N.F., Demtirov, V.Kh., Grigorov, G.I., Olifer, H.M. (1993) Pat. 1814008, IPC F 25 D 11/02. Combined absorption refrigerator. No. 4890428/06; statement 13.12.90; published 05/07/93. Bull. No. 17.
17. Chernyshov, V.F., Ovechkin, G.I., Titlov, O.S., Smirnov-Vasiliev, K.G., Dvirny, V.V., Khomenko, N.F., Olifer, H.M. (1994) Pat. 1835898, IPC F 25 D 11/00. Device for heat treatment and storage of products. No. 4874603/13; statement 17.10.90; published 06.06.94. Bull. No. 25.
18. Titlov, O.S., Zakharov, M.D., Vasyliv, O.B., Volnevich, S.V. (2001) Declaration patent No. 47751A, IPC F 25 B 15/10. Combined absorption refrigerator. No. 2001096073; statement 09/04/2001; published 15.07.02. Bull. No. 7.
19. Titlov, O.S., Zakharov, M.D., Vasyliv, O.B., Volnevich, S.V. (2001) Declaration patent No. 47866А, IPC F 25 D 11/02. Combined absorption refrigerator. No. 2001106933; statement 11.10.01; published 15.07.02. Bull. No. 7.
20. Telezhenko, L.M., Titlov, O.S., Volnevich, S.V., Kozonova, Yu.O. (2009) Development of a new type of household combined appliances. Scientific works of ONAFT, 35, 1, 22-25.
21. Titlov, O.S., Kozonova, Yu.A., Pryimak, V.G. (2018) Development of household combined appliances of the absorption type. Refrigeration engineering and technology, 54, 2, 10-24.
22. Telezhenko, L.M., Titlov, O.S., Volnevich, S.V., Kozonova, Yu.O. (2011) Development of a new type of household appliances. Collection of research papers of the Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. Series: Technical sciences, 7, 36-40.
23. (1996) DSTU 3023-95 (GOST 30204-95, ISO 5155-83, ISO 7371-85, ISO 8187-91). Household refrigerating appliances. Performance characteristics and test methods. Introduced for the first time on 07/20/95. K.: Derzhstandard of Ukraine, 22.
24. Titlov, O.S., Zavertaniy, V.V., Vasyliv, O.B., Lenskii, L.R. (1998) Experimental studies of temperature and energy characteristics of low-temperature chambers based on ADRM. Thermal regimes and cooling of radio-electronic equipment. Scientific and technical collection, 1, 60-67.
25. Bogdanov, S.N., Burtsev, S.I., Ivanov, O.P., Kupriyanova, A.V. (1999) Directory Properties of substances. Refrigeration equipment. SPbDAHPT, 320.
26. Titlov, O.S. (1997) Comparison of the characteristics of absorption and compression household refrigeration equipment. Refrigeration engineering and technology, 57, 39-41.
27. Titlov, O., & Hratii, T. (2023) Development of a new type of household appliances – refrigerators with a heating chamber. ScienceRise, 1, 3-15.
28. Hratii, T.I, Titlov, O.S. (2021) Development of devices for primary heat treatment and cold storage of food products. Refrigeration engineering and technology, 57(3), 126-137.
29. Ovechkin, G.I., Chernyshov, V.F., Smirnov-Vasiliev, K.G., Titlov, O.S., Dvirny, V.V. (1990) Pat. 2033582, IPC6 F 25 B 15/02. The method of operation of the absorption-diffusion refrigerating unit generator. No. 4880699/06; statement 11.09.90; published 20.04.95. Bull. No. 11.
30. Titlov, O.S., Ovechkin, G.I., Chernyshov, V.F., Ilyinykh, V.V. (1997) Pat. 2073179, IPC6 F 25 B 15/04. Absorption refrigerator. No. 92010547/06; statement 08.12.92; published 10.02.97. Bull. No. 4.
31. Titlov, O.S. (2011) Energy-saving control of modes of household absorption refrigerating appliances (AHP). Part. 1. Automation of technological and business processes, 5, 6, 38-43.
32. Titlov, O.S. (2011) Energy-saving control of modes of household absorption refrigerating appliances (AHP). Part. 2 Automation of technological and business processes, 5, 6, 45-53.
33. Titlov, O.S., Vasyliv, O.B. (1999) Search for energy-saving modes of operation of serial absorption refrigerating devices Refrigeration engineering and technology, 60, 28-37.
34. Titlov, O.S., Tyukhai, D.S. (2003) Energy saving modes of operation of pumping thermosyphons ADRM. Industrial heat engineering, 25, 4, 76-79.
35. Titlova, O.O., Titlov, O.S. (2011) Analysis of the influence of the thermal power supplied in the generator of the absorption refrigerating unit on the operating modes and energy efficiency of the absorption refrigerating device. Scientific works of ONAFT, 39, 1, 148-154.
36. Titlova, O., Titlov, O., Olshevska, O. (2016) Search of the energy efficient operation modes of absorption refrigeration units. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies, 5/2(83), 45-53.
37. Kholodkov, O.O., Titlov, O.S., Titlova, O.O. (2017) Modeling of thermal regimes of a dephlegmator of a household absorption refrigerating unit Refrigeration engineering and technology, 53(4), 4-11.