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Анотація
Виробництво та попит на червоні столові сухі вина стабільний. Зміна клімату один із основних факторів щорічного варіювання загального обсягу виготовленого вина у світі. Мінімізація впливу зміни клімату на якісні характеристики вина зазначаються стратегічним напрямком досліджень в OIV. Ця робота присвячена літературному огляду актуальних проблем технології червоних столових сухих вин в умовах зміни клімату за останні 10 років. Встановлено, що зростання середньорічної температури у порівнянні з доіндустріальним періодом становить від 0,8 до 1,2°C. Крім того, прогнозується зниження кількості опадів під час вегетаційного періоду виноградної лози. Для вирощування винограду стануть придатними ті регіони, які наразі вважаються прохолодними. Таким чином, можлива втрата типовості вин з традиційних виноробних регіонів. Пришвидшення визрівання призводить до накопичення високого вмісту цукрів, високого рН, низької кислотності, модифікації сортових ароматичних сполук, зміни термінів фенольного визрівання та загального зниження врожайності. Водний стрес сприяє підвищенню вмісту танінів та антоціанів, негативно впливає на урожайність. Підвищення вмісту вуглекислого газу призводить до зниження концентрації антоціанів та інтенсивності кольору. Вплив ультрафіолетового випромінювання сприяє накопиченню більшої кількості антоціанів, кверцетину та транс-ресвератролу. Короткострокові та довгострокові стратегії адаптації до умов зміни клімату імплементовані для отримання винограду високої якості. Найважливіший аспект – зниження вмісту алкоголю. Різні техніки настоювання м’язги впливають на органолептичні характеристики та фенольний комплекс. Перспективним є використання дріжджів не Saccharomyces для зниження вмісту алкоголю і формування органолептичних характеристик та фенольного комплексу. Вибір препаратів для обробки впливає на фенольний склад та стабільність кольору. Техніки витримки впливають на фенольний комплекс та органолептичні характеристики. Актуальні проблеми технології орієнтовані на збереження якості та типовості стилів вин і водночас враховують зміну смакових уподобань споживачів.
Ключові слова:
червоне вино, зміни клімату, дріжджі, фенольний комплекс, антоціани
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Як цитувати
Tkachenko, O., & Larin, V. (2025). АКТУАЛЬНІ ПРОБЛЕМИ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ЧЕРВОНИХ СТОЛОВИХ СУХИХ ВИН В УМОВАХ ЗМІНИ КЛІМАТУ. Food Science and Technology, 18(4). https://doi.org/10.15673/fst.v18i4.3141
Номер
Розділ
Технологія і безпека продуктів харчування
Посилання
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2. Home | OIV [Internet]. Oiv.int. 2024 [cited 2024 May 6]. Available from: https://www.oiv.int/js/lib/pdfjs/web/viewer.html?file=/public/medias/8553/en-oiv-2021-world-wine-production-first-estimates-to-update.pdf.
3. Dudnyk MO, Koval MM, Kozar IM, Liannyi OD, Hrenovskov EI. Viticulture: textbook . Dudnyk MO, editor. Kyiv: Urozhai; 1999 (in Ukrainian).
4. Bilous IV. The current state of the raw material base of the viticultural sub-complex of Ukraine. Herald of Agrarian Science of the Black Sea Region. 2008;46(3):94–101 (in Ukrainian).
5. Khareba VV, Zotov AM, Vlasov VV. The state and problems of the development of viticulture and winemaking in Ukraine. Magarach Viticulture and winemaking. 2012;3:2–5 (in Ukrainian).
6. State register of plant varieties suitable for distribution in Ukraine for 2021 [Internet]. Sops.gov.ua. 2019 [cited 2021 August 12]. Available from: https://sops.gov.ua/reestr-sortiv-roslin (in Ukrainian).
7. Vasylenko OS. Adaptability of grapes varieties selected by the National Scientific Centre “V. Yе. Tairov Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking”, under the conditions of the northern part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. [dissertation]. Kyiv, Ukraine: National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine; 2021. 233 p (in Ukrainian).
8. Ukrstat.gov.ua. 2021 [cited 2022 August 12]. Available from: https://ukrstat.gov.ua/operativ/operativ2021/sg/pvvv/pvvv_21.xls (in Ukrainian).
9. Titlova OO, Tkachenko OB. The place of Ukraine in the development of the world vine growing and winemaking industry under the changing climate conditions . In: 8th International Symposium of the OENOVITI International Network. Canejan, France: Copymedia; 2019. p. 89–93.
10. Vezha.ua Climate changes: in Vinnytsia, the yield of grapes tripled the national average – Vezha.ua [Internet]. Vezha.ua – Vinnytsia News. 2019 [cited 2022 August 11. Available from: https://vezha.ua/zminy-klimatu-na-vinnychchyni-vrozhajnist-vynogradu-vtrychi-perevyshhyla-serednyu-po-krayini/ (in Ukrainian).
11. IPCC. Global Warming of 1.5 ºC [Internet]. IPCC. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; 2018. Available from: https://www.ipcc.ch/sr15/ (in Ukrainian).
12. IPCC. Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability [Internet]. IPCC Sixth Assessment Report. IPCC; 2022. Available from: https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/.
13. Cardell MF, Amengual A, Romero R. Future effects of climate change on the suitability of wine grape production across Europe. Regional Environmental Change. 2019 May 4; https://doi.org/10.1007/s10113-019-01502-x.
14. Santos JA, Fraga H, Malheiro AC, Moutinho-Pereira J, Dinis LT, Correia C, et al. A Review of the Potential Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation Options for European Viticulture. Applied Sciences [Internet]. 2020 Jan 1;10(9):3092. Available from: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/10/9/3092; https://doi.org/10.3390/app10093092.
15. Olefir O, Artyukh M, Sivak N, Mykytenko S. Drought and grapes. Gardening in Ukrainian. 2019;36(6):61–65 (in Ukrainian).
16. Droulia F, Charalampopoulos I. A Review on the Observed Climate Change in Europe and Its Impacts on Viticulture. Atmosphere. 2022 May 20;13(5):837. https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos13050837.
17. Santos JA, Yang C, Fraga H, Malheiro AC, José Moutinho-Pereira, Dinis LT, et al. Long-term adaptation of European viticulture to climate change: an overview from the H2020 Clim4Vitis action. IVES technical reviews. 2021 Mar 17; https://doi.org/10.20870/IVES-TR.2021.4644.
18. Warning to winemakers: grow new grapes or perish [Internet]. Cosmos. 2018 [cited 2022 July 24]. Available from: https://cosmosmagazine.com/climate/warning-to-winemakers-grow-new-grapes-or-perish.
19. Viticulture in danger: climate change could drastically reduce grape growing regions [Internet]. Racurs.ua. 2020 [cited 2022 August 2]. Available from: https://racurs.ua/ua/n132747-vynorobstvo-v-nebezpeci-zmina-klimatu-moje-rizko-zmenshyty-regiony-vyroschuvannya-vynogradu.html (in Ukrainian).
20. Mosedale JR, Wilson RJ, Maclean IMD. Climate Change and Crop Exposure to Adverse Weather: Changes to Frost Risk and Grapevine Flowering Conditions. Añel JA, editor. PLOS ONE. 2015 Oct 23;10(10):e0141218. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141218.
21. Babych IM, Basyuk DI, Bilko MV, Shiyana PL, editors. Actual problems of management of the grape and wine-growing complex. [monograph]. Kamianets-Podilskyi, Ukraine: Publisher Zvoleyko D. G.; 2014. 252 p (in Ukrainian).
22. Gambetta GA, Kurtural SK. Global warming and wine quality: are we close to the tipping point? OENO One. 2021 Sep 28;55(3):353–61. https://doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2021.55.3.4774.
23. Fraga H, Molitor D, Leolini L, Santos JA. What Is the Impact of Heatwaves on European Viticulture? A Modelling Assessment. Applied Sciences. 2020 Apr 26;10(9):3030. https://doi.org/10.3390/app10093030.
24. Van Leeuwen C, Barbe JC, Darriet P, Destrac-Irvine A, Gowdy M, Lytra G, et al. Aromatic maturity is a cornerstone of terroir expression in red wine. OENO One. 2022 Jun 24;56(2):335–51. https://doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2022.56.2.5441.
25. Josep Odó Camps, María Concepción Ramos. Grape harvest and yield responses to inter-annual changes in temperature and precipitation in an area of north-east Spain with a Mediterranean climate. International Journal of Biometeorology. 2011 Sep 10;56(5):853–64. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00484-011-0489-3.
26. Le Menn N, Van Leeuwen C, Riquier L, De Revel G, Marchand S. How can the water regime and nitrogen status of the vine influence aging aromas in red wines? IVES Technical Reviews, vine and wine. 2020 Jul 15; https://doi.org/10.20870/IVES-TR.2020.3984.
27. Bonada M, Jeffery DW, Petrie PR, Moran MA, Sadras VO. Impact of elevated temperature and water deficit on the chemical and sensory profiles of Barossa Shiraz grapes and wines. Australian Journal of Grape and Wine Research. 2015 Apr 30;21(2):240–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajgw.12142.
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