##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.sidebar##
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
Due to the rapid growth of the population and the growing consumption of meat products, the issue of finding alternative sources of animal protein in feed production is more acute than ever. Insects are a promising protein component in feed production today. The article examines the state and prospects for the use of insects that have a high nutritional value, consume less resources and are environmentally friendly. The volumes of protein production obtained from fly larvae, flour worms and other insect species are given. The distribution of the use of insects for different types of animal husbandry, poultry farming and aquaculture in recent years is given. The main world leaders companies engaged in the cultivation of larvae and breeding of worms are presented. A comparative analysis of the content of crude protein and fat in various types of insects and traditional protein sources such as fish and soy meal is presented. A literature review of the results of the use of insects in the feeding of pigs and poultry by the world's leading scientists is presented. Insect-based animal feeds have been shown to have advantages over grain-based feeds. Test results are shown showing that crickets, black soldier flies and worms have the same protein digestibility as soy and provide more lipids, vitamins and minerals. The inclusion of insects in compound feed is one of the strategies for finding alternatives to create conditions for animal feeding that would be consistent with the concept of sustainable development. Data from a study on the effect of insects on egg production is also presented, which showed that yolk color, shell tear strength, and shell thickness were significantly increased by the addition of black soldier fly larvae. The results of studies on the use of insects in feeding fish are analyzed. The use of protein-chitin concentrate of Hermetia illucens larvae in feeding tilapia showed that it almost completely corresponds to fishmeal in terms of nutritional value.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
References
1. Huis A. Potential of Insects as Food and Feed in Assuring Food Security. Annu. Rev. Entomol. 2013. Vol. 58. № 1. 563–583.
2. Smith R., Barnes E., PROteINSECT Consensus Business Case Report – Determining the contribution that insects can make to addressing the protein deficit in Europe. Minerva Health & Care Communications. 2015.
3. Vantomme P., Mertens E., Huis A., Klunder H. Assessing the Potential of Insects as Food and Feed in assuring Food Security. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). Rome. 2012.
4. Halloran A., Muenke C., Vantomme P., Huis A. Insects in the human food chain: global status and opportunities. Food Chain. 2014. Vol. 4. № 2. 103-118.
5. Huis A., Dicke M., Loon J.J.A. Insects to feed the world. J. Insects Food Feed. 2015. Vol. 1. № 1. 3-5.
6. Beh V.V., Martsenyuk V.P., Tushnytska N.Y. Prospects for the use of protein components of non-traditional origin in compound feed for aquaculture (review). Fisheries science of Ukraine. 2020. № 2. 53-64.
7. Insect-fed trout now available to French consumers. [Veb-sayt]. – URL: https://www.allaboutfeed.net/all-about/newproteins/ insect-fed-trout-now-available-to-french-consumers/ (viewed on: 08.03.2023).
8. Paola G., Anabel M.-S., Santos R. The effects of larval diet on adult life-history traits of the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). Eur. J. Entomol. 2013. Vol. 110(3). 461–468.
9. Makarynska A., Vorona N., Bedlinska Ye. Insects are a solution to the problem of protein supply of mixed fodder’s. Grain Products and Mixed Fodder’s. 2022. Vol.22. I. 1 (85). 44-48.
10. Józefiak D., Józefiak A., Kierończyk B., Rawski M., Świątkiewicz S., Długosz J., Engberg R.M. Insects – a natural nutrient source for poultry – a review. Annals of Animal Science. 2016. 36.
11. Alvarez L. The Role of Black Soldier Fly, Hermetia illucens (L.) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae) in Sustainable Waste Management in Northern Climates. Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 2012. 402.
12. Baker D.H., Batal A.B., Parr T.M., Augspurger N.R., Parsons C.M. Ideal ratio (relative to lysine) of tryptophan, threonine, isoleucine, and valine for chicks during the second and third weeks posthatch. Poultry Science. 2002. Vol. 81. № 4. 485-494.
13. Diclaro II J.W., Kaufman P.E. Black soldier fly Hermetia illucens Linnaeus (Insecta: Diptera: Stratiomyidae). EENY-461. Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, 2010. 1-3.
14. Diener S., Zurbrügg C., Tockner K. Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens and effects on its life cycle. Journal of Insects as Food and Feed. 2015. Vol. 1(4). 261-270.
15. Elwert C., Knips J., Katz P. A novel protein source: maggot meal of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) in broiler feed. Tagung Schweine - und Geflügelernährung, November 23–25, 2010, Institut für Agrar- und Ernährungswissenschaften, Universität Halle- Wittenberg, Lutherstadt Wittenberg, Germany. 2010. 140-142.
16. Erickson M. C., Islam M., Sheppard C., Liao J., Doyle M. P. Reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis in chicken manure by larvae of the black soldier fly. J. Food Prot. 2004. Vol. 67(4). 685–690.
17. Fernanda O., Klaus D., Richard L., Joseph R. O. Assessment of diptera: Stratiomyidae, genus Hermetia illucens (l., 1758) using electron microscopy. Journal of entomology and zoology studies. 2015. Vol. 3(5). 147-152.
18. Roháček J., Hora M.A. Northernmost European record of the alien black soldier fly Hermetia illucens (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). Čas. Slez. Muz. Opava (A). 2013. 101–106.
19. Spranghers T., De Clercq P., De Smet S., Sas B., Eeckhout M. Insects in animal feed: Acceptance and its determinants among farmers, agriculture sector stake-holders and citizens. Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. 2015. Vol. 204. 72-87.
20. Lalander C., Diener S., Magri M. E., Zurbrügg C., Lindström A., Vinnerås B. Faecal sludge management with the larvae of the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) – from a hygiene aspect. 2013. 312-318.
21. Hattori S. State of research on radiation hormesis by CRIEPI. Am. Nucl. Soc. Trans. 1995. Vol. 73. 40-42.
22. Diclaro II, J., Kaufman P. Black Soldier Fly – Hermetia illucens. [Veb-sayt]. – URL: http://entnemdept.ufl.edu/creatures/livestock/black_soldier_fly.htm (viewed on: 08.03.2023).
23. ESR International, 2008. Bio-Conversion of Putrescent Waste.. [Veb-sayt]. – URL: http://www.esrint.com/pages/bioconversion.html (viewed on: 08.03.2023).
24. Pet Food Processing Line [Veb-sayt]. – 23. http://www.jnqidong.com/en/product/cw.asp (viewed on: 08.03.2023).