ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ВОЛОКОННО-ОПТИЧЕСКИХ ДАТЧИКОВ В СИСТЕМАХ АВТОМАТИЧЕСКОГО ДИАГНОСТИРОВАНИЯ СУДОВЫХ ГАЗОТУРБИННЫХ УСТАНОВОК

Abstract

The violation of lubrication regimes inevitably initiates the emergence of defects that are progressive at a high speed in the elements of bearing units. Failure to detect destructive processes in the bearings of the rotors of gas turbine installations leads to complete installation failure and can have disastrous consequences for both the vessel and the group of vessels in difficult navigation conditions. Unfortunately, the existing types of accelerometers under conditions of concentrated exposure to powerful electromagnetic, thermal and vibration fields, compactly located shipboard equipment, do not effectively control the vibration of bearings in the most informative high-frequency range. In this situation, the most appropriate may be the use of fiber optic transducers based on silica glass, as the material most resistant to most operational destabilizing factors. For the detection and measurement of the vibration level of bearings in gas turbine installations, fiber optic accelerometers can be used, constructed according to polarization, phase and amplitude modulation schemes. At the same time, the analysis showed that the capabilities of existing fiber-optic devices are insufficient to effectively control the vibration in special conditions. In this situation, it seems a rational recommendation to focus attention on compensating for the degradation of the properties of the accelerometer's sensitive element and adjoining communication lines. The recommended circuit solution is a fiber accelerometer of amplitude modulation, consisting of a sealed housing, a reference fiber containing a block of C / G lenses, measuring and compensating fibers. The fibers have reflective sapphire crystal layers on the ends and an eccentric mass of quartz glass on the measuring light guide. The main difference between the recommended accelerometer and previously known designs is that the optical fibers have a depressed core, optical filters are included in the measuring and
compensating optical fibers, separation / integration of radiation is carried out in the C / G-lens unit, and to compensate for temperature effects bimetallic plate connected to the reference light guide.